Machine for perforating glass.



" PATENTE!) JAN. 23, 1906.

s.B.D0ANB. MACHINE POR PBRPORAT INIGj` GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY2e.,- 1s;5.

4 SHEETS-SHEBT l.

El ven for,

, a @if PATBNTED JAN. z3, 1905.

S. E. DOANE. MACHINE FOR PERFORATING GLASS,

APPLIGATION FILED MAYZZ. 1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

mtu e Jde d'.

PATENTE) JAN. 23, 1906.

s. E, DOANB. MACHINE FOR PERFORMING GLASS.

APPLICATION FILED MAY22.1905.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

Ez 0672 zo MM @i @MQ PATENTBD JAN. 23, i906.

l s. E. DUANE. MACHINE FOR PERFORMING GLASS 4 SEETS--SHEBT 4.

luvez 15011 7&7@ maf APPLICATION FILED MAYZZ. 1905.

UNITED sfrfrrns rnfrnru-` oFFroE.

SAMUEL EVERETT DOANE, lOF CLEVELAiND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR `'IO THE NATIONAL ELECTRIC LAMP COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND` OHIO A CORPORATION OF NEIV JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 213, 190'6.

. Appunti@ nee may 22, 1905-. serial No. 261.528.

lbeing had to the accompanying drawings.

In the manufacture of perforated glassware, vsuch as the exterior globes for incandescent lights, it is of course practically irnpo'ssible 4to form the perforations while the glass is cold and brittle. Furthermore, reat difficulty has been found in efecting a c eancut perforation if the glass is operated on in4 a molten or plastic condition, as it has'been found that Athe disk cut out of the glass does Further, in the perforation of ho not readily drop away therefrom and draws after it strings of the plastic material, so as to form a rough edge about the perforation.

low ware it I is necessary that the punch be advanced into the object operated upon with precision andA operated with a-certain degree of rapidity,

and when this is attempted by hand theresults are not uniformly satisfactory,

To overcome the difficulties here presented and to achieve the desired results, I have designed a mechanism which' forms the subject of the following specification and claims and in which certain new principles of opera'- tion and' action are for' the first time brought into play in this art.

' mechanism. ivi 3 is a sectional view taken on the'line 3 3 ofDFig. 1.. Fig. 4ls an end'ele- Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of the apparatus which I have designed for effecting the perforation of the glassware, showing a piece of hollow ware 'in position to be perforated.

Fig. )2 -is a p an viewsof the perforating' vation off the perforating mechanism. Fig.

a-detail section s'howsxng the action'of the perforators on.`the ,molten ware.:- Fig. 6 is a central vertical section ofthe cutting-punch:

Fig. 7 is a transverse sectionon the line 7 7 of Fig. 1.` Fig. 8f is a side elevation, partly in section, of apparatus which Ihavedesigned forthe urp'ose of feeding the`hollow ware .into pe orating position; Fig. 9 is 'a detail of the-fee mechanism.

In the various of Af y described below.

represents a fixed standard supporting the mechanism for advancing the perforator to operative position.

A andykA2 are bearing-boxes in which reciprocates the carriage bearingv the perforatin mechanism.

- ournaledv on the standard'A is a pulleywheel B, adapted to be operated by a strap B', secured'to a treadle (not shown) or other' movable part. Rigidly secured to the pulley B and oscillatory therewith is a cam B2, having a gradually-increasing cam-surface' B3, merging into a concentric surface B. From the, inner face ofthe cam projects a lu B5, which lug is suitably positioned radial y in order to come into action in a manner to be The carriage C, sliding in the boxes A A2, has pinned thereto the pIate C', which carries the perforating mechanism.

C2 represents the spline between the bearing-boxes and the carriage. Pivctally secured to the forward end of the plate and on the side thereof nearest the'cam-are twcum C3 and C4, connected at their rear ends y a. tension-spring C5, which normally draws the rear ends together and holds the forward or perforating ends of the jaws apart. Interposed between the rear portions of the ljaws C3 and yC4 and likewise pivotally secured to the plate C is a double cam C, carryingl a lug C7, designed to be acted on by the lug B5 when the carriage is moved to its forward p0- sition, the'effect of this action being to swing thecam C6 about its pivot in such manner as to spread the rear ends of the jaws apart against the action of the spring C5 and bring the vperforating devices C8 and C 0n the fori Ward end of said jaws toward each other. Y C8 is a hollow cylindrical steel-cutter secured within the end 'of thel jaw C.' This cutting-cylinder Cs is conically tapered at its cutting edge both xteriorly and interiorly..

C9 represent?v the coacting member for the. cutter CIand provided with a central cylindrical peniilg'andis preferably somewhattapered xteriorly, roviding an )annular bearing aigainstfwhic fthe cutter edge of Cs thrusts. 'llliegmembe'r Ciis of any'sliitable.

soft metal'which will not wear the' cutter Cs andwhich has a lmelting-.poi'ntabove that temperature to which it is subjected in perforating: the molten glassk andinpractice i prefer to use copper.

Secured to the forward end of the plate C is a pin C, projecting into the path of the cam-surface B3.l .When the pulley-wheel B is rotated, the cam-surface B3 will operate against the pin C10 to thrust the saine for' ward and carry the plate C', together with the perforating-jaws, into operative position. When the concentric surface Btrides into contactwith the pin C10, this forward movement cases and simultaneously therewith thelug B5 comes in contact with the upper surface'of the lug C?, which latter is now well forward ofthe center of the pulley B, anddepresses said lug C7, therebyoscillating the double cam C", soas to close the jaws C and C4 and bring the perforating members against,

the glassware G at the point where it has been heated to a molten or plastic condition bythe flame from la burner H', properly located.. vThis action is .in itselfsometimes sufficient to effect a perforation of the glassy butl theresults are not to be relied'on,.since it frequently happens that the excised diskadheres to the punching apparatus or is not entirely separated from thebody of the glass.

welded thereto. Ihave tried several means for effecting' this result, such'- as the use of. v

may beheated and perforated th'e'apparatus is withdrawn by releasing the pulley-strap compressed air -or by suction; but the preferab'ledevice is one which will deliver a quick 'sharolblow adjacent to the chilled attenuate 'ortion of the glass. b

' ecured to the upper jaw 1s a spring-rod D,

libe tj-a't its forward end to form a striking- 'fhead D' which enters. the hollow punch member. C". The spring-rod D is normally held Asomewhat elevated above the jawC'J, so that the lower end of the head D does .not come flush with the end of thehollow member C". A groove D2 on the upper side of the jaw C3,

however, allows the rod D and the headD to Abe forced down when struck by the hammer E. The harnmerEis itself pivoted between- .the ears E', projecting from the-rear end of thejj aw C3, and is provided with a tail E2, ex-

tending upwardlyand rearwardly insuch manner as to be caught by-a spring-trigger E3, su ported on a bracket E4, fixed vto the plate anism has been moved forward by the -cam Bias above described, and the perforatingjaws are brought. together by the cam C, it

,f .will be seen that the movement of the jaw C3 to Whith the hammer E is pivoted, will cause the hammer to be raised by reason of the faet that the tail E2 is caught by the triglger When, however, the motion of the jaw C3 has progressed te the poi-nt where thev perforating members-:are brought together, theend of the tail EZ slides ofi the trigger E3,

permitting the hammer' il; to .fall and deliver When 'nowV the perforating mechsleeve a sharp quick blow to the rod D, which blowthe glass disk formed by the `surfaces the plastic-glass becomes chilled in the immediate vicinity of the cutting zone and is brittle irtthisportion, although-it remains hot and plastic adjacent to this zone. .By virtue of the fact that the glass is thus made brittle Iabout the periphery of the disk the sharp quick blow of the rod D is suflcient to `cause said disk tov break awaywith acleancut edge free from rongsof any kind. Thus 'it `wouldbeseen t at whilethe cutter C8 is the ,principal element in effecting the excision 4ofthe disk vfrom the glass and by reason of itsinterior conical taper an effective retaining means after thedisk'has been eX- cised, nevertheless the striking-head D' cooperates to make the line of excision a cleancut edge and to insure that the disk vshall enter lthe interior tapered conical portion lof the cutter C8, the several parts thus forming a unitary means adapted to excise the disk and maintain 4it out of contact with the body of the glass..

After' the perforating operation has been completed and it isdesired to-rotate the article operated upon 'so that another portion B', whereupon the plate C' and the carriage C are retracted by means of a Weight Fconnected with a pin F on the plate C by means of a oord F2,'passing over a pulley-wheel F,

journaled on the fixed support'A'.' Thus the mechanism is reciproca-ted back and forth Whenever -thje glass becomes properly hea-ted for the purpose of being operated upon. In

- order to properly feed the Ware G into position over the flame H and rotate the same to present successive portions to the heatingflame and perforator, I employ a threaded holding-shaft provided with gripping-arms. This shaft is adapted to be rotated at a uniform speed within a rotating nut, which nut is adapted to be rotated at Will at two difl erent speeds, one greater and one less than that of the shaft. By this arrangement I am enabled to advance or retract the shaft and its gripping-arms, as desired, by'rnerely changing the rate of rotation of the nut.

Referring to Fig. 8, K is a shaft freely rotating in bearingsLand L', between which bearings fit the nut N vand the key-sleeve M. The

shaft K Ais provided at one end with a retainendwith a spider J2 for holding said grippingarms and at the other end with a knob J3 'and a'spring J, bearing thereaga'in t for' the purpose of maintaining the rod J 1n a retracted position, so'- as to hold the gripping-arms closed. When it isdesired t'o release the object held by the arms. itis only necessary to press the rod J forward against 4the spring J', whereupon the spider J Zwill expand thearms and allow the operator to remove the 4article held.' As will oe seen, the shaft K is provided with a long key-slot K", in which the key Mix of the .sleeve M fits. .This is for the purpose. of securing a rotation of the shaft whenever the sleeve M is rotated regardless of any longitudinal movement which the shaft may undergo. On the sleeve M is a .ear M', towhich is bolted a positioning-'disk- .I2 'provided with detent-notches M3 at inter-A va s on its periphery. On the nut N is a gear N, to which is bolted a second gear N3 of smaller size Internally the nut N is pro- .vided for a short space with a female thread N-, through which the thread on the shaft K is adapted'to pass. The threadon the-shaft K is, as shown, broken at one portion, so as to make two threaded sections K2 and K3 and an open reduced section Kt, which latter is of -the same Width as thevthreaded portion N of the nut N. Thel thread K2 has no function` cording ,to the relative speeds of the nut and the shaft, as stated above.' 'At the end of the thread K3 is a second reduced portion K5,

which. is' of "the same width afs-the female threadN. In .thesupportingstandards L2 and L3 is journaled al longitudinally-mov- I able shaft O, ha Ying at one' end an operating ulley P and providedwith a, shifting-lever l', adapted tothrow differentgears S S and 'R R into mesh,respectively,'with the gears l' N2, N3, and;Ml The lever Pj'is provided with a lugl, bearin onthef-unier side'of a' stopleve'r T, adapte to rideinto a notch T A when the aforesaid' ears are' outof mesh, and

thereby: allow the etl2 to rise into they notches M3 of the disk Maand maintain :the

shaft against accidental movement From the above arrangement itwillbeseen that when the lever'P is shifted to the pesi-VA 4 tion shown in the drawings and the gears S and R are immesh, respectively, 'the gears N2 andM the key-sleeve M will be rotated. at a rate greater than that of the nut N,-

owing to the proportionatesizes fof ,the sev 'eral gears. ,inasmuch as the shaft K is en# gaged by the sleeve M by means of the key M3.. and the key-slot K, it follows that the shaft f will itself be rotated at a'rate greater than that bf'thethread N', andassuming the di-' rection of rotation to be fromleft to right the thread K3 will enter the'thr'ead N and the 'Shaft Will be advanced until the reduced portion K5 passes into lthe thread N, whereupon rotation. Vfhile the holding mechanism is in this position, the glass is perforated, the

shaft being rotated' 1try-hand, vas desired, to shift successive portions into perforating position. j shaft K, .the lever P" is shifted still farther the gears N3 and M', respectively. The proportionate sizes of these gears are such asto cause the nut N to rotate at a greater speed than the sld-eve M, 'with the effect -that the thread K3 Will be fed backwardthrough the thread N', and this action Will continueuntil the cut away portion K* .of the 4shaft is stop.

By the mechanism 4above described it will be seen that I have'provided means for automatically feeding the glassware into the heating-name, means for automatically stopping it 1n position, means for advancing a suitable perforator to the Ware, and automatic means for effecting the perforating action in a manner more efficient than has heretofore been possible,' and it will be obvious that many alterations'and changes may be' made inthe v1@Then now it is desired to retract the' luntil thegears S and R. come into mesh with reached, at whi ch point the backward feed will\ IOC details of mechanism without materially aifectihg the-nature or character of the ma# chine or altering the scope of the invention.

Having described my mvention,-I claim-'- 1'. A process of perforating glass consisting locally heating the same to a point of plasticity, attenuating and chilling azone of the plastic glass, and' striking a portion-of Ithe glass adjacent to said zone.

f2. A process of perforating. glass consisting in rendering it plastic, forming an attenuated annular vz cne and-chilling the glass adjacent -thereto and delivering a `blow Within' the chilled attenuated zone. l

3. -A glass-perforati-ng apparatus com risting means adapted to attenuate and chil the plastic glass, and means adaptedto deliver a low adjacent to the attenuated and chilled et.' A

means for automatically bringing the (perforating-j avvs together when so advance machine 'for perforating glassware: p'rovidedwvithy perforating-jaws adapted ,to

1rov

5. A machine for perforating glass comprising -two perforating menbers, one of which is equipped with a cutting edge, the other of which is provided'with a face against which the cutting edgeis adapted'to bear;`

Ar o

`prising means for holdingl the g ass within a eating-flame, means for advancing a pair of perforatingjaws, and means for automatically' bringing said jaws together as soonas they come within operative radius of the provided with an annular bearing-surface'for heated 'glass'.

f 8. Mechanism forperforating glass com\' prising a carriageA bearing perforating eleprising feeding means adaptedlto advance the glass to a heating-flame, means for automaticallyv stopping said advancing move'- ment, perforating-.jaws adapted to bel advanced toward the glass', and means for automatically' bringing ythe jawsl together when their advancing movement ceases.'v

9.'Mechanism for perforating glass cornprising jaws pivoted to a plate mounted ,on a' reciprocative carriage, one ofsaid jaws bein'g rovided with a cutting-annulus having an interior taper, the other of said jaws being said cutting edge, and a strikingl member positioned within said annular bearing, and means for delivering a blow to said striking member.

10. A glass-perforating'apparatus compris- .ing jaws .bearin perforatmg-annuli, means annuli to approach each. other, and ,means for automatically deliverfor causing sai ing a blow vto the glass inclosed by said 'annuli when they are brought together.

1 1 'Glass-perforating mechanism 'comprising-'a frame-plate carrying a pair of pivoted perforating-j aws held apart at their perforat- -mg ends by spring ineanssecured to their opposite ends, a double cam interposed between said jaws in such manner to bringthe'perforating ends of the jaws together when it is. rotated, means for advancing the frame carrying the jaws, said advancing meansbeing l adapted to rotate the said cam.

12. A machine for perforating glass provided with two cooperating annuli adapted- `to outline a-disk in' the plastic glass, and

means for automatically-delivering a blow to `the glass when said ldisk is outlined.-

' rising means adapte' 13. Means forfperforating glass comprising la burner adapte means adapted to advance the lass to said burner, meansA for automatical y stopping said advance, means for advancing the perfoY rating-jaws toward the glass and bringing them together, and means for automatically delivering-a blow to the glass when said jaws are. closed.

15,1. In a glass-perforatinga paratus, a pair of perforating-jaws, -means or holding the v glass while being perforated, said latter means comprising a threadedshaft rotatable within -a partially-'threaded rotatable nut, and differential gears whereby the speed of the nut relatively to the shaftmay be varied so as to be'either greater or less than that of the shaft.

15, A machine for perforatingl glass comments, means for retaining the carriage in a retracted position, means for retaining the perforating elements apart while the carriage is in such retracted'position, meansfor advancing the carriage, andmeans for automatically bringing said perforatlng elements togetheron ,the termination-.of thel advancing movement. 4 l

1'6. A machine for erforating glass come dp to form a thin chilled ine in the lass when plastic, and means *for automatica ly delivering a blow. adjacent to saidline upon the formation thereof.`

17. A machinefor perforating glass comprising unitary means tadapted to excise a portion 4from the body of the glass and main.- tain all of said excised portion out of contact with the bodyof the glass. I 18.' A machine'for perforating glass ,comprising meansffo;` excising a portion there- Jfrom when in a plastic state'and automatic means for removlng all ofthe excisedportion clear of the body of the glass.

19. A process of perfora'ting glass consisting in locally heatmg the same t'o'a' point of plasticity, attenuatin and chilling a zone ofl the plastic glass and elivering a blow within the chilled attenuated zone of sufficient force to effect excision and drive theeXcised por-i' `.tion clear of thebody of the glass.- 'f

in testimony whereotl hereunto aiix my signature. in the presence of two witnesses.`

SAMUEL Evnnjnfrr nonnina.`

Witnesses:

E. B. GILCHRIST, J. M. Woonwann to locally soften the glass, v 

